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研究背景 氮素是水稻生长发育的关键元素,其利用效率备受关注。传统研究多聚焦于土壤氮流失,而忽视了植株地上部分的氮气损失。研究发现,水稻植株尤其在开花和灌浆后期,会排放大量氨气。这一时期,叶片中的叶绿体成分大量降解,产生大量的NH4+。谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)通常促进氮的循环利用,但衰老过程中GS活性的下降会损害NH4+的同化能力,导致NH3挥发损失。叶片由绿变黄是灌浆期氮素再利用最直观的指标。那么,叶片变色的快慢是否可以预测氨挥发的多少?中国水稻研究所的王丹英老师团队联合华中农业大学和浙江大学等团队对此进行了深入探讨。相关成果发表在《The Crop Journal》期刊。研究以灌浆期不同叶片颜色变化特征的水稻品种为研究对象,采用15N同位素示踪结合动态流通室技术精准量化植株源氨挥发,并同步监测叶片颜色动态变化及关键生理指标。研究发现,水稻叶片颜色变化率与灌浆期氨挥发量呈极显著正相关,叶片变色快的品种因质外体 NH4+ 浓度高、NH3 补偿点高及GS活性低而导致更高的气态氮损失。该结果揭示了叶片表型与氮素气态损失的内在联系,为选育低氨挥发氮高效水稻品种及通过栽培管理延缓叶片衰老以减少氮损失提供了理论依据。 图1.采用动态流通室(DFC)法测定植物氨挥发量。研究方法实验设计:研究在2023年和2024年在杭州市富阳分别进行了水稻不同品种的水培实验,采用分区实验设计,选取5个叶片颜色变化特征差异显著的水稻品种(包括籼粳杂交稻和籼稻)为实验材料,使用(NH4)2SO4作为唯一氮源建立两个氮水平:低氮(LN):0.54 mmol L-1;高氮(HN):1.62 mmol L-1;测定指标:利用SPAD值拟合方程,计算叶色变化速率(R)、使用动态流通室(DFC)技术监测水稻植株的氨气挥发量、同步监测叶片的质外体NH4+浓度、NH3补偿点以及GS活性等生理指标。最终,通过统计分析,评估叶...
发布时间: 2026 - 03 - 09
浏览次数:0
LGR的二氧化碳同位素分析仪帮助中国科学院的科学家监测“新鲜有机物的质量对土壤有机物的启动和微生物底物利用率模式的影响” Quality of fresh organic matter affects priming of soil organic matter and substrate utilization patterns of microbesHui Wang1, 2 , Thomas W. Boutton3 , Wenhua Xu1 , Guoqing Hu1, 2 , Ping Jiang1 , Edith Bai1 AbstractChanges in biogeochemical cycles and the climate system due to human activities are expected to change the quantity and quality of plant litter inputs to soils. How changing quality of fresh organic matter (FOM) might influence the priming effect (PE) o...
发布时间: 2015 - 10 - 16
浏览次数:131
Rapid, Online Quantification of H2S in JP-8 Fuel Reformate Using Near-Infrared Cavity-Enhanced Laser Absorption Spectroscopy应用LGR激光痕量气体分析仪快速在线量化JP-8(特级航空材料)中的H2SFeng Dong†, Christian Junaedi‡, Subir Roychoudhury‡, and Manish Gupta*†† Los Gatos Research, 67 East Evelyn Avenue, Suite 3, Mountain View, California 94041, United States‡ Precision Combustion, Inc., 410 Sackett Point Road, North Haven, Connecticut 06473, United StatesAnal. Chem., 2011, 83 (11), pp 4132–4136DOI: 10.1021/ac200300tPublication Date (Web): May 3, 2011Copyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyAbstractOn...
发布时间: 2015 - 10 - 10
浏览次数:183
Ecosystem carbon (CO2 and CH4) fluxes of a Populus dettoides plantationin subtropical China during and post clear-cutting Shenghua Gao a, Jiquan Chen b, Yuxi Tang c, Jing Xie d, Rui Zhang e, Jie Tang c, Xudong Zhang a,*a State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, Chinab Center for Global Change and Earth Observations (CGCEO) and Department of Geography, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USAc Hunan Academy of Forestry, Chang...
发布时间: 2015 - 09 - 15
浏览次数:123
HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING FOR DETECTION OF RHIZOCTONIA CROWN AND ROOT ROT IN SUGARBEETGregory J. Reynolds1, Carol E. Windels2, Ian V. MacRae3, and Soizik Laguette4Graduate Student, Professor, Associate Professor, and Assistant Professor, respectively1University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, St. Paul2University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology and Northwest Research & Outreach Center, Crookston3University of Minnesota, Department of Entomology and Northwest Research & Outreach Center, Crookston4University of North Dakota, Department of Earth System Science a...
发布时间: 2015 - 08 - 11
浏览次数:97
DETECTION OF SUGARCANE AFRICAN STALK BORER ELDANASACCHARINA WALKER (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) USINGHYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING (SPECTRORADIOMETRY)应用ASD地物光谱仪检测蛀虫ELDANA SACCHARINA(鳞翅目:螟蛾科)对非洲甘蔗茎部的危害程度MOKHELE TA1, AHMED F1 and CONLONG DE2,31School of Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa2South African Sugarcane Research Institute, Private Bag X02, Mount Edgecombe 4300, South Africa3School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South AfricaAbstractThe South African sugar industry i...
发布时间: 2015 - 08 - 06
浏览次数:126
LGR氧化亚氮同位素分析仪测量水中硝酸盐成功案例:Analytical Chemistry 文章:Combining Denitrifying Bacteria and Laser Spectroscopy for Isotopic Analyses (δ15N, δ18O) of Dissolved Nitrate通过反硝化细菌和激光同位素分析仪测定溶解硝酸盐中的δ15N和δ18ODavid X. Soto *†, Geoff Koehler †, and Keith A. Hobson †† Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 3H5AbstractWe present a novel approach for nitrogen (δ15N) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopic analysis of nitrate in water based on the isotopic analysis of N2O produced from the conversion of NO3– by cultured denitrifying bacteria and off-axis integrated cavity output ...
发布时间: 2015 - 07 - 21
浏览次数:133
Nature 发表文章:In-situ unsaturated zone stable water isotope (2H and 18O) measurements in semi-arid environments using tunable o-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy科学家应用LGR液态水同位素分析仪在半干旱环境下原位测量不饱和带水中2H和18O同位素比值M. Gaj1,2,  M. Beyer1,  P. Koeniger1,  H. Wanke3,  J. Hamutoko3,  and T. Himmelsbach11 Federal Institue for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Stilleweg 2, Hannover, Germany2 Chair of Hydrology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Fahnenbergplatz, 79098 Freiburg, Germany3Universit...
发布时间: 2015 - 07 - 07
浏览次数:111
Inter- and intraindividual correlations of background abundances of 2H, 18O and 17O in human urine and implications for DLW measurements科学家应用LGR同位素分析仪测定人体尿液中的2H,18O和17O丰度间的相互作用对DLW测量方法的影响E S F Berman, E L Melanson, T Swibas, S P Snaith and J R SpeakmanBackground/Objectives:The method of choice for measuring total energy expenditure in free-living individuals is the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. This experiment examined the behavior of natural background isotope abundance fluctuations within and between individuals over time to assess possible methods of accounting for varia...
发布时间: 2015 - 07 - 01
浏览次数:91
科学家应用Campbell CPEC200闭路涡动相关系统测量森林碳封存Canada: Forest Carbon SequestrationCampbell Scientific CPEC200 monitors eddy-covariance fluxes in British Columbia forest 文章下载地址:79canada-vancouver-island--CPEC200.pdf4da92e4cbee3e5c7273825cef11d6136.pdf (2.84 MB)
发布时间: 2015 - 05 - 19
浏览次数:100
Field Spectroscopy in the VNIR-SWIR Region to Discriminate between Mediterranean Native Plants and Exotic-Invasive Shrubs Based on Leaf Tannin Content      基于可见光近红外(VNIR)和短波红外(SWIR),科学家应用ASD地物光谱仪测量叶片单宁的含量,从而区分地中海附近海岸的本土植物和外来入侵灌木。Authors: Jan Rudolf Karl Lehmann, André Große-Stoltenberg, Meike Römer and Jens OldelandAbstract: The invasive shrub, Acacia longifolia, native to southeastern Australia, has a negative impact on vegetation and ecosystem functioning in Portuguese dune ecosystems. In order to spectrally discriminate A. longifoliafrom oth...
发布时间: 2015 - 05 - 12
浏览次数:193
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